Minimalisme Alkitab

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Mazhab Kopenhagen (disambiguasi).

Minimalisme Alkitab, juga disebut sebagai Mazhab Kopenhagen karena dua tokoh utamanya mengajar di Universitas Kopenhagen, adalah sebuah gerakan atau tren dalam kajian Alkitab yang dimulai pada 1990an dengan dua klaim utama:

1. bahwa Alkitab tak dapat dianggap sumber layak bagi apa yang telah terjadi di Israel kuno; dan
2. bahwa "Israel" itu sendiri adalah subyek permasalahan bagi kajian sejarah.

Minimalisme bukanlah gerakan bersatu, namun lebih kepada label yang diberikan kepada beberapa cendekiawan di universitas berbeda yang memegang pandangan serupa, terutama Niels Peter Lemche dan Thomas L. Thompson di Universitas Kopenhagen, Philip R. Davies, dan Keith Whitelam.

Daftar pustaka

• Banks, Diane (2006). Writing The History Of Israel. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 9780567026620. 
• Cogan, Mordechai (2008). The Raging Torrent: historical inscriptions from Assyria and Babylonia relating to ancient Israel. Carta. 
• Davies, Philip R. (1995). In Search of 'Ancient Israel'. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 9781850757375. 
• Davies, Philip R. (n.d.). Minimalism, 'Ancient Israel', and Anti-Semitism. The Bible and Interpretation. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-10-21. 
• Lemche, Niels Peter (1998). The Israelites in History and Tradition. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664227272. 
• Moore, Megan Bishop; Kelle, Brad E. (2011). Biblical History and Israel's Past. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802862600. 
• Joüon, P.; Muraoka, Takamitsu (2006). A Grammar of Biblical Hebrew (edisi ke-Second). Gregorian & Biblical Press. ISBN 9788876536298. 
• Thompson, Thomas L. (1999). The Mythic Past: Biblical Archaeology And The Myth Of Israel. Basic Book. 
• Whitelam, Keith W. (1996). The Invention of Ancient Israel. Routledge. ISBN 9780415107587. 

Bacaan tambahan

• Brettler, Mark Zvi (2005). How to Read the Bible. Jewish Publication Society. ISBN 9780827610019. 
• Davies, Philip R., Scribes and Schools: The Canonization of the Hebrew Scriptures, 1998.
• Davies, Philip R. (2008). Memories of Ancient Israel. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664232887. 
• Dever, William G. (2001). What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It?. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802821263. 
• Finkelstein, Israel; Silberman, Neil Asher (2001). The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of its Sacred Texts. New York: Touchstone. ISBN 978-0-684-86912-4. 
• Finkelstein, Israel; Mazar, Amihay; Schmidt, Brian B. (2007). The Quest for the Historical Israel. Society of Biblical Literature. ISBN 9781589832770. 
• Finkelstein, Israel, The Archaeology of the Israelite Settlement, 1988
• Garbini, Giovanni, History and Ideology in Ancient Israel, 1988 (trans from Italian).
• Halpern, Baruch, "Erasing History: The Minimalist Assault on Ancient Israel", Bible Review, Dec 1995, p26 - 35, 47.
• Lemche, Niels Peter, Early Israel, 1985.
• Mykytiuk, Lawrence J. "Strengthening Biblical Historicity vis-à-vis Minimalism, 1992-2008 and Beyond, Part 2.1: The Literature of Perspective, Critique, and Methodology, First Half" (2012), in which see the section, "Toward a Balanced View of Minimalism: A Summary of Published Critiques." The Author's Accepted Draft is in Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research, Paper 52, which is freely available at https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1062&context=lib_fsdocs, in which see pp. 4–12 for the relevant section. The official version of record of the article was published in Journal of Religious and Theological Information 11 (2012): 101-137 and is available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10477845.2012.673111?journalCode=wrti20#.UjU0U9I6Pgc .
• Provan, Iain W., "Ideologies, Literary and Critical Reflections on Recent Writing on the History of Israel", Journal of Biblical Literature 114/4 (1995), p585-606. (a critique of the Copenhagen School of Thought - with responses by Davies (above) and Thompson (below))
• Thompson, Thomas L. (1992). Early History of the Israelite People. Brill. ISBN 978-9004119437. 
• Thompson, Thomas L., "A Neo-Albrightean School in History and Biblical Scholarship?" Journal of Biblical Literature 114/4 (1995), p683-698. (a response to the article by Iain W. Provan - above)
• Thompson, Thomas L. (n.d.). A view from Copenhagen: Israel and the History of Palestine. The Bible and Interpretation. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-10-29. Diakses tanggal 2019-10-12. 
• Van Seters, John, Abraham in History and Tradition, 1975.

Pranala luar

• Philip Davies (2005), "The Origin of Biblical Israel", The Journal of Hebrew Scriptures, Volume 5, Article 17. Places the origins of "biblical" Israel in the Neo-Babylonian period.